[Back to the Laser Materials Processing Patent Collection]
United States Patent 6,429,402
Dixon ,   et al. August 6, 2002

Controlled laser production of elongated articles from particulates

Abstract

It has been discovered that wires and small diameter rods can be produced using laser deposition technology in a novel way. An elongated article such as a wire or rod is constructed by melting and depositing particulate material into a deposition zone which has been designed to yield the desired article shape and dimensions. The article is withdrawn from the deposition zone as it is formed, thus enabling formation of the article in a continuous process. Alternatively, the deposition zone is moved along any of numerous deposition paths away from the article being formed.


Inventors: Dixon; Raymond D. (Los Alamos, NM); Lewis; Gary K. (Los Alamos, NM); Milewski; John O. (Santa Fe, NM)
Assignee: The Regents of the University of California (Los Alamos, NM)
Appl. No.: 587183
Filed: June 2, 2000

Current U.S. Class: 219/121.63; 219/121.64; 219/121.82
Intern'l Class: H05B 001/00
Field of Search: 219/121.6,121.63,121.64,121.65,121.66,121.78,121.82,121.85


References Cited

U.S. Patent Documents
4323756Apr., 1982Brown et al.219/121.
4586158Apr., 1986Brandle364/900.
4603257Jul., 1986Packer et al.250/358.
4665492May., 1987Masters364/468.
4724299Feb., 1988Hammeke219/121.
4743733May., 1988Mehta et al.219/212.
4863538Sep., 1989Deckard156/62.
4938816Jul., 1990Beaman et al.156/62.
4944817Jul., 1990Bourell et al.156/62.
5017753May., 1991Deckard219/121.
5038014Aug., 1991Pratt et al.219/121.
5043548Aug., 1991Whitney et al.219/121.
5111021May., 1992Joyls et al.219/121.
5132143Jul., 1992Deckard427/197.
5135695Aug., 1992Marcus264/141.
5155324Oct., 1992Deckard et al.219/121.
5160822Nov., 1992Aleshin219/121.
5165030Nov., 1992Barker395/500.
5179700Jan., 1993Aihara et al.395/650.
5182430Jan., 1993Lagain219/121.
5187787Feb., 1993Skeen et al.395/600.
5245155Sep., 1993Pratt et al.219/121.
5252264Oct., 1993Forderhase et al.264/22.
5278978Jan., 1994Demers et al.395/600.
5327529Jul., 1994Fults et al.395/155.
5339434Aug., 1994Rusis395/700.
5347477Sep., 1994Lee364/709.
5412772May., 1995Monson395/155.
5418350May., 1995Freneaux et al.219/121.
5493671Feb., 1996Pitt et al.395/500.
5513342Apr., 1996Leong et al.395/157.
5530221Jun., 1996Benda219/121.
5596744Jan., 1997Dao et al.395/610.
5607730Mar., 1997Ranalli427/512.
5612099Mar., 1997Thaler427/565.
5647931Jul., 1997Retallick et al.156/73.
5666553Sep., 1997Crozier395/803.
5668959Sep., 1997Malcolm345/333.
5701423Dec., 1997Crozier395/335.
5708828Jan., 1998Coleman395/785.
5760772Jun., 1998Austin345/342.
5767833Jun., 1998Vanderwiele et al.345/132.
5790809Aug., 1998Holmes395/200.
5792659Aug., 1998Janay et al.435/418.
5831609Nov., 1998London et al.345/335.
5832489Nov., 1998Kucala707/10.
5837960Nov., 1998Lewis et al.219/121.
5867153Feb., 1999Grandcolas et al.345/326.
5884323Mar., 1999Hawkins et al.707/201.
5884325Mar., 1999Bauer et al.707/201.
5889516Mar., 1999Hickey et al.345/333.
5897644Apr., 1999Nielsen707/513.
5926816Jul., 1999Bauer et al.707/8.
5961862Oct., 1999Lewis219/121.
5970501Oct., 1999Hunkins et al.707/200.
5983247Nov., 1999Yamanaka et al.707/526.
6000000Dec., 1999Hawkins et al.707/201.
6006274Dec., 1999Hawkins et al.709/248.
6023708Feb., 2000Mendez et al.707/203.
Foreign Patent Documents
0 490 146Nov., 1991EP.
2 227 964Feb., 1990GB.
0 370 967May., 1990GB.
64-87713Mar., 1989JP.


Other References

Alonso R and Korth HF, Database System Issues in Nomadic Computing, Proceedings of 1993 ACM SIGMOD Conference, May 1993.
Alonso R and Mani VS, A Pen-based Database Interface for Mobile Computers, Proceedings of IEEE Computer Society Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, Dec. 1994.
Asthana A et al., An Indoor Wireless System for Personalized Shopping Assistance, Proceedings of IEEE Computer Society Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, Dec. 1994.
Krishnakumar N and Jain R, Mobility Support for Sales and Inventory Applications, Mobile Computing (AT&T Bell Laboratories), 1996.
Lei H et al., DataX: an Approach to Ubiquitous Database Access, Second IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, Feb. 1999.
Frenk, A. and J. D. Wagniere, "Laser Cladding with Cobalt-Based Hardfacing Alloys," Journal de Physique V, vol. 1, C7-65 through C7-68, Dec. 1991.
Jasim, K. M. et al., "Thermal Barrier Coatings Produced by Laser Cladding," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 25, 4943-4948, 1990.
Subramanian, R. et al., "Laser Cladding of Zirconium on Magnesium for Improved Corrosion Properties," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 26, 951-956, 1991.
Damborenea, J. De et al, "Laser Cladding of High Temperature Coatings," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 28, 4775-4780, 1993.
Mazumder, J. et al., "Solid Solubility in Laser Cladding," Journal of Metals, Feb.18-23 1987.
Kizaki, Yoshimi et al., "Phenomenolgical Studies in Laser Cladding. Part 1. Time-Resolved Measurements of the Absorptivity of Metal Powder," Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., vol. 32, 205-212, Jan. 1993.
Kizaki Yoshimi et al., "Phenomenological Studies in Laser Cladding. Part 2. Thermometrical Experiments on the Melt Pool," Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., vol. 32, 213-220, Jan. 1993.
Schanwald, L. Paul, "Two Powder Stream Diagnostics for Laser Deposition Processes," Sandia National Laboratories/Department 1831, Albuquerque, NM 87185 (applicants do not yet have publication date or other name of publication).
Schanwald, L. Paul, "Two Thermal Monitors for High Power Laser Processing," Sandia National Laboratories/ Department 1332, Albuquerque, NM 87185, published Nov. 13, 1995 ICALEO '95 Proceedings.
Keicher, D. M. et al., "Overview: The Laser Forming of Metallic Components Using Particulate Materials," JOM, vol. 49, No. 5, May 1997.
Lewis, Gary K. (editor), "Directed Light Fabrication," Los Alamos National Laboratory, Jun. 1996.
Marcus, Harris L. et al., "From Computer to Component in 15 Minutes: The Integrated Manufacture of Three-Dimensional Objects," Journal of Metals, Apr. 1990.
Marcus, Harris L. et al., "Solid Freeform Fabrication: Powder Processing," Ceramic Bulletin, vol. 69, No. 6, 1990.
R and D Magazine Award Announcement, Sep. 1994 (2 Pages), Los Alamos National Laboratory.
Dateline Los Alamos, Sep. 1994 (2 pages). Distributed by Los Alamos National Laboratory.
Synopsis "Directed Light Fabrication" and Transmittal Letter (3 pages). Undated, handed out after publications of the documents.
Abstract "Directed Light Fabrication." For ICALEO '94, 13th International Congress on Applications of Laser and Electro-Optics. Oct. 17-20, 1994.
Lewis, Gary K., "Direct Laser Metal Deposition Process Fabricates Near-Net-Shape Components Rapidly," Materials Technology, vol. 10, Nos. 3-4, Mar./Apr. 1995.
Kruth, J. P. et al., "Direct Production of Metallic Parts by Rapid Prototyping," Proceedings of the 12th International Congress (LASER '95).
Xin, Chin et al., "Maximum Thickness of the Laser Cladding," Key Engineering Materials, vol. 46 & 47, 381-386, 1990.
Mazumder, J. et al., "Research Summary: The Direct Metal Deposition of H13 Tool Steel for 3-D Components," JOM, vol. 49, No. 5, May 1997.
Video Tape, "Directed Light Fabrication of Complex Metal Parts (DLF)," Dec. 1, 1994, Los Alamos, National Laboratory.
Video Tape, "Directed Light Fabrication R&D 100 Awards," Jan. 6, 1995, Los Alamos National Laboratory.

Primary Examiner: Heinrich; Samuel M.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Bennett; Gemma Morrison

Goverment Interests



This invention was made with government support under Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36 awarded by the U.S. Department of Energy. The government has certain rights in the invention.

[Back to the Laser Materials Processing Patent Collection]